Associations between polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor and breast cancer risk

Abstract

Biological and epidemiologic data suggest that vitamin D levels may influence breast cancer development.

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a crucial mediator for the cellular effects of vitamin D and additionally interacts with other cell-signaling pathways that influence cancer development.

Because functional data exist on FOK1 and previous studies have suggested a relation between BSM1 and breast cancer risk, we evaluated the associations of the FOK1 and BSM1 VDR polymorphisms and breast cancer risk.

In a case-control study nested within the Nurses' Health Study, we genotyped 1,234 incident cases (diagnosed between return of a blood sample in 1989-1990 and June 1, 2000) and 1,676 controls for FOK1, and 1,180 cases and 1,547 controls for BSM1. We observed a significantly increased risk of breast cancer among carriers of the ff genotype of FOK1 (multivariate odds ratio, 1.34; 95% confidence intervals, 1.06-1.69) compared with those with FF. We did not observe an association between polymorphisms in BSM1 and breast cancer risk (multivariate odds ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence intervals, 0.72-1.20) for BB versus bb). The FOK1 association did not vary significantly by menopausal status, estrogen, and progesterone receptor status of the tumors, or plasma levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D or 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D.

Our results suggest that the VDR may be a mediator of breast cancer risk and could represent a target for cancer prevention efforts.

About this publication.

See also:

- Vitamin D (analogues and/or derivatives) and cancer;

- Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the first-line treatment with somatostatin combined with melatonisn, retinoids, vitamin D3, and low doses of cyclophosphamide in 20 cases of breast cancer: a preliminary report;

- The Di Bella Method (DBM) improved survival, objective response and performance status in a retrospective observational clinical study on 122 cases of breast cancer;

- Complete objective response to biological therapy of plurifocal breast carcinoma.